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🌅 Buổi sáng (15-20 phút) — Từ vựng: Social Issues
Hôm nay chúng ta học về các vấn đề xã hội — chủ đề xuất hiện rất nhiều trong IELTS! 🌍🤝
💡 Chưa biết đọc IPA? Tìm “IPA chart” trên Google để học cách đọc phiên âm quốc tế nhé!
📝 20 từ vựng hôm nay
| # | English | Phát âm (IPA) | Tiếng Việt | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | poverty | /ˈpɒvərti/ | nghèo đói | Poverty is a global problem. |
| 2 | homeless | /ˈhoʊmləs/ | vô gia cư | The number of homeless people is rising. |
| 3 | unemployment | /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ | thất nghiệp | Unemployment rates are high. |
| 4 | inequality | /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/ | bất bình đẳng | Gender inequality still exists. |
| 5 | discrimination | /dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/ | phân biệt đối xử | Discrimination is against the law. |
| 6 | education | /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/ | giáo dục | Education is the key to success. |
| 7 | healthcare | /ˈhelθker/ | chăm sóc sức khỏe | Everyone deserves good healthcare. |
| 8 | charity | /ˈtʃærəti/ | từ thiện | She donates money to charity. |
| 9 | volunteer | /ˌvɒlənˈtɪr/ | tình nguyện viên | He works as a volunteer at the shelter. |
| 10 | protest | /ˈproʊtest/ | biểu tình | There was a peaceful protest downtown. |
| 11 | awareness | /əˈwernəs/ | nhận thức | We need to raise awareness about this issue. |
| 12 | elderly | /ˈeldərli/ | người cao tuổi | The elderly need more support. |
| 13 | disability | /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/ | khuyết tật | People with disabilities deserve equal rights. |
| 14 | immigration | /ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/ | nhập cư | Immigration policy is a hot topic. |
| 15 | integration | /ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃən/ | hội nhập | Integration into society takes time. |
| 16 | domestic | /dəˈmestɪk/ | trong nước / gia đình | Domestic violence is a serious issue. |
| 17 | shelter | /ˈʃeltər/ | nơi trú ẩn | The shelter provides food and beds. |
| 18 | donation | /doʊˈneɪʃən/ | quyên góp | Thank you for your generous donation. |
| 19 | rights | /raɪts/ | quyền lợi | Human rights must be protected. |
| 20 | society | /səˈsaɪəti/ | xã hội | We all play a role in society. |
✏️ Bài tập sáng
- Đọc to từng từ 3 lần, chú ý phát âm IPA
- Che cột Tiếng Việt, nhìn từ English → nhớ nghĩa
- Che cột English, nhìn Tiếng Việt → nhớ từ tiếng Anh
- Viết ra giấy 5 từ bạn thấy khó nhớ nhất
🌙 Buổi tối (40-60 phút) — Grammar: Reported Speech — Questions
📖 Tường thuật câu hỏi là gì?
Khi muốn kể lại câu hỏi của người khác, ta dùng Reported Questions (câu hỏi gián tiếp).
🔑 Hai loại câu hỏi
1. Câu hỏi Yes/No → dùng if / whether
| Direct | Reported |
|---|---|
| “Do you like this city?” | She asked if/whether I liked that city. |
| “Are you a volunteer?” | He asked if/whether I was a volunteer. |
| “Have you donated money?” | She asked if/whether I had donated money. |
| “Will you join the protest?” | He asked if/whether I would join the protest. |
2. Câu hỏi Wh- → giữ nguyên từ hỏi
| Direct | Reported |
|---|---|
| “Where do you live?” | She asked where I lived. |
| “What is the problem?” | He asked what the problem was. |
| “Why are people protesting?” | She asked why people were protesting. |
| “How can we help?” | He asked how we could help. |
⚠️ Quy tắc quan trọng
- Lùi thì (tense backshift): do → did, is → was, will → would, have → had
- Đổi đại từ: I → he/she, you → I, my → his/her
- Đổi trạng từ: this → that, here → there, today → that day
- Bỏ dấu hỏi — câu tường thuật là câu trần thuật
- Không đảo ngữ: ❌ asked where did I live → ✅ asked where I lived
✏️ Bài tập 1: Chuyển sang Reported Questions
- “Do you support this charity?” → She asked ______
- “Where is the nearest shelter?” → He asked ______
- “Have you ever volunteered?” → She asked ______
- “Why is unemployment so high?” → He asked ______
- “Will the government help the homeless?” → She asked ______
- “Are you aware of the issue?” → He asked ______
- “What can we do about poverty?” → She asked ______
- “Is healthcare free in your country?” → He asked ______
- “How many people donated?” → She asked ______
- “Did you join the protest?” → He asked ______
✏️ Bài tập 2: Chuyển sang Direct Questions
- She asked if I was a volunteer.
- He asked where the donation centre was.
- She asked whether I had seen the protest.
- He asked what the biggest social issue was.
- She asked if the elderly received enough support.
✏️ Bài tập 3: Sửa lỗi sai
- She asked did I support the charity.
- He asked where was the shelter.
- She asked if I have ever volunteered.
- He asked me that whether I would donate.
- She asked what can we do about inequality.
✅ Đáp án Bài tập 1
| Câu | Đáp án | Giải thích |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | She asked if/whether I supported that charity. | Yes/No → if/whether, support → supported |
| 2 | He asked where the nearest shelter was. | Wh-question, is → was |
| 3 | She asked if/whether I had ever volunteered. | have → had |
| 4 | He asked why unemployment was so high. | is → was |
| 5 | She asked if/whether the government would help the homeless. | will → would |
| 6 | He asked if/whether I was aware of the issue. | are → was |
| 7 | She asked what we could do about poverty. | can → could |
| 8 | He asked if/whether healthcare was free in my country. | is → was, your → my |
| 9 | She asked how many people had donated. | did donate → had donated |
| 10 | He asked if/whether I had joined the protest. | did join → had joined |
✅ Đáp án Bài tập 2
| Câu | Đáp án |
|---|---|
| 1 | “Are you a volunteer?” |
| 2 | “Where is the donation centre?” |
| 3 | “Have you seen the protest?” |
| 4 | “What is the biggest social issue?” |
| 5 | “Do the elderly receive enough support?” |
✅ Đáp án Bài tập 3
| Câu | Lỗi sai | Sửa đúng | Giải thích |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | asked did I | She asked if/whether I supported the charity. | Không đảo ngữ trong reported speech |
| 2 | where was the shelter | He asked where the shelter was. | Không đảo ngữ — S + V |
| 3 | have | She asked if I had ever volunteered. | Lùi thì: have → had |
| 4 | that whether | He asked me whether I would donate. | Không dùng “that” trước if/whether |
| 5 | can we do | She asked what we could do about inequality. | Lùi thì: can → could, không đảo ngữ |
😴 Trước ngủ (10-15 phút) — Nghe + Đọc
🎧 Listening: Nghe BBC (5 phút)
👉 BBC Learning English - Helping the homeless
💡 Mẹo: Nghe lần 1 không nhìn text. Nghe lần 2 vừa nghe vừa đọc transcript.
📖 Reading: Đoạn đọc ngắn (5 phút)
Social issues affect everyone in society. Poverty and unemployment are problems that many countries face. When people lose their jobs, they may become homeless and need to stay at a shelter.
Many organisations and volunteers work hard to help. They raise awareness and collect donations for those in need. The government also provides healthcare and welfare services.
A reporter asked a volunteer whether the situation was improving. The volunteer said that more people were helping, but there was still a lot of work to do.
(90 từ)
❓ Câu hỏi đọc hiểu
- What happens when people lose their jobs?
- What do volunteers do to help?
- What services does the government provide?
- What did the reporter ask the volunteer?
- What did the volunteer say about the situation?
✅ Đáp án Reading
| Câu | Đáp án |
|---|---|
| 1 | They may become homeless and need to stay at a shelter. |
| 2 | They raise awareness and collect donations. |
| 3 | Healthcare and welfare services. |
| 4 | The reporter asked whether the situation was improving. |
| 5 | More people were helping, but there was still a lot of work to do. |
🎯 Tổng kết Day 5
- Học 20 từ vựng Social Issues
- Hiểu Reported Speech cho câu hỏi (asked if/whether)
- Phân biệt Yes/No questions vs Wh-questions trong reported speech
- Làm 3 bài tập ngữ pháp
- Đọc đoạn văn 90 từ + trả lời câu hỏi
- Nghe BBC Learning English 1 lần
🌟 Reported Speech rất quan trọng cho IELTS Listening và Reading! Ngày mai sẽ học thêm reported commands nhé! 🌍✨