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Mở rộng từ vựng Speaking cho Education & Society — 2 chủ đề xuất hiện cực kỳ thường xuyên trong Part 3!
📚 Education Vocabulary
Core Collocations:
| Collocation | Nghĩa | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| higher education | giáo dục đại học | Higher education is becoming more expensive. |
| critical thinking | tư duy phản biện | Schools should focus more on critical thinking. |
| rote learning | học thuộc lòng | Rote learning is still common in many Asian countries. |
| student loan | khoản vay sinh viên | Many graduates struggle with student loans. |
| academic pressure | áp lực học tập | Academic pressure can affect mental health. |
| lifelong learning | học suốt đời | Lifelong learning is essential in today’s world. |
| vocational training | đào tạo nghề | Vocational training provides practical job skills. |
| curriculum reform | cải cách chương trình | We need curriculum reform to match modern needs. |
| extracurricular activities | hoạt động ngoại khóa | Extracurricular activities develop soft skills. |
| equal access to education | tiếp cận giáo dục bình đẳng | Every child deserves equal access to education. |
| distance learning | học từ xa | Distance learning has grown rapidly since 2020. |
| tuition fees | học phí | Rising tuition fees are a barrier for many students. |
Advanced Phrases:
- “nurture creativity” — nuôi dưỡng sáng tạo
- “bridge the gap between theory and practice” — thu hẹp khoảng cách giữa lý thuyết và thực hành
- “a well-rounded education” — giáo dục toàn diện
- “learn by doing” — học qua thực hành
- “equip students with real-world skills” — trang bị kỹ năng thực tế cho sinh viên
🎤 Sample Questions + Answers (Education):
Q: Do you think the education system needs to change?
Absolutely. I think most education systems are still too focused on rote learning and exams rather than developing critical thinking and creativity. We need curriculum reform that helps equip students with real-world skills — things like problem-solving, communication, and financial literacy. I also believe vocational training should be given equal respect as higher education, because not everyone needs a university degree to have a successful career. The goal should be a well-rounded education that prepares young people for the actual challenges they’ll face.
Q: Is distance learning as effective as traditional classroom learning?
Distance learning has certainly improved dramatically, especially with modern technology. It offers flexibility and equal access to education regardless of location — someone in a rural village can now take courses from top universities. However, I don’t think it’s fully replaced traditional learning yet. Face-to-face interaction with teachers and peers is incredibly valuable, especially for younger students who need social development. The ideal approach, I think, is blended learning — combining the best of both worlds.
🏙️ Society Vocabulary
Core Collocations:
| Collocation | Nghĩa | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| income inequality | bất bình đẳng thu nhập | Income inequality is a growing global concern. |
| aging population | dân số già hóa | Japan has a rapidly aging population. |
| work-life balance | cân bằng công việc-cuộc sống | Maintaining work-life balance is challenging. |
| gender equality | bình đẳng giới | We’ve made progress on gender equality but there’s more to do. |
| social welfare | phúc lợi xã hội | Strong social welfare systems protect the vulnerable. |
| cultural diversity | đa dạng văn hóa | Cultural diversity enriches society. |
| crime rate | tỷ lệ tội phạm | The crime rate has decreased in recent years. |
| public awareness | nhận thức cộng đồng | We need to raise public awareness about mental health. |
| generation gap | khoảng cách thế hệ | The generation gap is widening due to technology. |
| urban migration | di cư đô thị | Urban migration puts pressure on city infrastructure. |
| community spirit | tinh thần cộng đồng | Community spirit is weaker in big cities. |
| social isolation | cô lập xã hội | Social media paradoxically increases social isolation. |
Advanced Phrases:
- “a pressing issue” — vấn đề cấp bách
- “the root cause of” — nguyên nhân gốc rễ của
- “play a pivotal role in” — đóng vai trò then chốt trong
- “have far-reaching consequences” — có hậu quả sâu rộng
- “a shift in mindset” — sự thay đổi tư duy
🎤 Sample Questions + Answers (Society):
Q: What are the biggest challenges facing your country today?
I think one of the most pressing issues in Japan is the aging population. The birth rate has been declining for decades, which means there are fewer working-age people to support the growing elderly population. This has far-reaching consequences for the economy, healthcare system, and social welfare programs. Another challenge is work-life balance — Japanese work culture is notorious for long hours, which affects both mental health and the birth rate. I think there needs to be a shift in mindset about work culture to address these interconnected problems.
Q: How has society changed in the last 50 years?
Society has changed dramatically in so many ways. Perhaps the biggest change is in gender equality — women now have far more opportunities in education and the workplace than 50 years ago. Cultural diversity has also increased significantly due to globalization and migration. On the flip side, community spirit seems to have weakened, especially in urban areas where people barely know their neighbors. Social isolation has become more common, paradoxically despite being more “connected” than ever through technology. There’s also been a widening generation gap — young people today have completely different values and priorities compared to their grandparents.
🗣️ Pronunciation Guide
| Từ | Phát âm | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| education | /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃən/ | ed-u-CA-tion |
| curriculum | /kəˈrɪkjələm/ | cu-RRI-cu-lum |
| vocational | /vəʊˈkeɪʃənəl/ | vo-CA-tion-al |
| inequality | /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/ | in-e-QUAL-i-ty |
| diversity | /daɪˈvɜːsəti/ | di-VER-si-ty |
| consequence | /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ | CON-se-quence |
| extracurricular | /ˌekstrəkəˈrɪkjələr/ | extra-cu-RRI-cu-lar |
✏️ Bài tập tự luyện
Bài 1: Collocation Match (10 phút)
- Che cột “Ví dụ” → nhìn collocation → tự đặt câu
- Check lại xem câu có tự nhiên không
Bài 2: Topic Monologue (20 phút)
- Nói 2 phút về: “Changes in education in your country”
- Nói 2 phút về: “The biggest social problem today”
- Thu âm, nghe lại — đã dùng bao nhiêu collocations mới?
Bài 3: Quick-Fire Answers (15 phút)
- Trả lời 4 sample questions ở trên bằng lời riêng
- Target: dùng ít nhất 5 collocations mỗi câu
- Thu âm mỗi câu
Bài 4: Vocabulary Review (10 phút)
- Viết 10 collocations mới nhất vào flashcard
- Mặt trước: tiếng Anh | Mặt sau: nghĩa + câu ví dụ
🎯 Target: Thuộc 15 collocations mới và dùng tự nhiên trong câu trả lời!
💡 Tip of the Day
“Khi nói về xã hội, luôn có 2 mặt — hãy thể hiện bạn nhìn nhận vấn đề từ nhiều góc độ. Câu như ‘On one hand… on the other hand…’ luôn ghi điểm cao!” ⚖️